Nanobiosensors are advanced nanoscale devices that integrate nanotechnology and biological sensing to enable rapid, sensitive detection of chemical and biological targets. They enable real-time monitoring of water quality, pathogens, fish health, and product safety in aquaculture systems. Their high sensitivity, portability, and specificity support precision farming and sustainable aquaculture management. With ongoing advancements in nanomaterials and biosensing technologies, nanobiosensors are expected to play a key role in improving productivity and environmental monitoring in fisheries and aquaculture.