The Hidden Challenge in Plant-Based Aquafeeds: Antinutritional Factors and Their Management
Plant-derived feed ingredients are being investigated as sustainable alternative protein sources
in aquaculture to lessen reliance on fishmeal. However, these components frequently include
antinutritional factors (ANFs) like phytates, tannins, saponins, protease inhibitors, and trypsin
inhibitors, which can have a negative impact on fish health overall, growth performance, feed
utilization, and nutrient digestibility. ANFs cause mineral shortages and compromised
physiological activities in farmed animals by binding with vital nutrients and decreasing
nutrient bioavailability. Thus, the development of plant-based aquafeeds that are economical,
nutritious, and sustainable depends on the efficient control of ANFs. Numerous processing
methods, such as fermentation, germination, soaking, and autoclaving, have been effectively
used to lower the concentration of antinutritional chemicals and enhance the nutritional value
of feed ingredients obtained from plants.